Leng Hui Kang

Corporate Officer/Principal at Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants

47 year

Commercial Services

Finance

Miscellaneous

Active connections

Name	Gender	Age	Linked companies	Collaboration
Hui Hua Lim	F	42	PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Singapore) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Singapore) Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Part of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Ltd., PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Singapore) is a Singaporean company that provides accounting services. The company is based in Singapore, Singapore. Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	11 years
Yiow Min Chay	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	8 years
Tian Chun Quahe	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	61 years
Jenny Lim	F	-	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Pin Jan Fong	M	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Chee Seng Chu	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Lip Kee Tan	M	-	PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Singapore) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Singapore) Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Part of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Ltd., PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Singapore) is a Singaporean company that provides accounting services. The company is based in Singapore, Singapore. Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	24 years
Alan Gey	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Stephen Greenwood	M	60	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Serene Tan	F	46	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Andy Gwee	M	47	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	26 years
Lay Fen Neo	F	42	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	22 years
Poh Chen Lim	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	30 years
Wee Kiat Chan	M	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Chee Wei Seah	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	16 years
Suan Choo Loy	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Teo Hong Keng	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Hai Joo Toh	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Siew Han Lee	F	54	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Theng How Teo	M	45	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Chee Wee Lim	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Eng Ann Soh	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Zulhikam bin Ahmad	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Cheng Jiet Ng	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Tiong Yuen Soh	M	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Han Beng Tan	M	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	16 years
Chun Kiat Tan	M	45	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	25 years
Boon Kiang Lim	M	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	20 years
Shih Hua Toh	F	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	31 years
Guat Bee Goh	F	47	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	27 years
Cheau Leong Loo	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Chee Khuen Fok	M	45	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Lee Chye Tay	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Ngai Soon Yong	M	50	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Soon Ann Cheah	M	48	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	27 years
Eng Kiat Tay	M	47	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Chee Keen Yun	M	-	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Teck Whee Poh	M	49	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Khee Wee Hau	M	48	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Lip Wee Ng	M	46	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Choon Kit Hui	M	60	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	3 years
Choong Kuen Kwong	M	52	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	30 years
Sophia Ong	F	-	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Weng Kai Fong	M	59	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Cheng Hian Chua	M	47	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Mei San Lee	F	-	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Voon Hoo Jong	M	51	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	20 years
Tak Sin Teo	M	45	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	22 years
Uthaya Chandrikaa	F	-	Nanyang Technological University Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	5 years
Hin Yeow Yoon	M	59	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Wee Pin Ng	F	46	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Chor Yau Ho	M	49	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Ching Thing Lai	M	44	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
War Tun Daw Yu	F	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Hwee Yong Lim	F	50	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Wee Chiang Tong	M	46	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Siew Kee Lam	M	56	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Mang Chan	M	52	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Siew Kheng Gui	F	44	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Kung Yang Quah	M	62	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Kheng Onn Lim	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Ji Kin Loh	M	53	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Teck Chuan Yeo	M	56	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	11 years
Helen Chow	F	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Pei Eng Ng	F	51	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	24 years
Yeow Hua Lim	M	61	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Jee Chu Kau	M	85	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Kum Kit Chan	M	71	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Chong Boon Phua	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Wei Chye Chua	M	49	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Hon Kiat Tan	M	78	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Chon Fatt Chai	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Keng Keat Tan	M	48	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Siew Wei Chan	M	63	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Peck Joo Tan	F	62	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Teng Kiat Koh	M	68	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Din Eu Tong	M	58	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Yoke Chun Yam	F	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Guan Seng Chan	M	71	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Kern Lim	M	54	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Peng Lim Tay	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Eng Kiat Tan	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Yi Liu	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Susan Su	F	54	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Liang Kwang Tan	M	43	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Hnin Yi Thet	F	48	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Suan Ping Foo	M	47	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	17 years
Tiang Soon Lee	M	53	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	17 years
Chai Tiam Ong	M	61	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Shek Voon Jen	M	77	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Jing Bin Li	M	50	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Boon Leng Loh	M	71	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Jim Teck Lee	M	73	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Yew Ting Kwan	M	46	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Wan Sing Lee	M	48	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Poh Lee Tan	M	70	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Wai Kong Yeap	M	-	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Gee Kiat Lim	M	54	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Lam Hoh Peh	M	74	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-
Seok Foon Hoe	F	68	Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services.	-

Connections Chart

Multi-company connection

Statistics

Country	Connections	% of total
Singapore	100	100.00%

Age of Connections

Active

Past

Male

Female

Members of the board

Executives

Origin of connections