Mark J. Mackowiak

JAL's investment philosophy emphasizes preservation of capital, control of volatility and bottom-up security selection. Most of their research originates in-house. Specialists in long, short, event-driven and distressed debt research collaborate in evaluating companies. Their portfolio managers are active participants in the research process. JAL considers their trading team crucial to the research process. The offices of their investment professionals are organized around a central trading desk, so that all of the managers and analysts professionals can remain in continuous contact with the traders.

ABIM follows an investment philosophy referred to as 'flexible value.' They look for attractive price-to-value relationships in undervalued stocks of strong companies with good management. The emphasis is on individual stock selection, fundamental research and valuation flexibility without rigid constraints. Factors they assess may include management team, market position, business strategy, catalysts for change, attractive valuation and attention to shareholder interests. ABIM concentrates investments in those stocks that they believe offer the best potential return relative to possible risks. The portfolio managers retain investment positions for as long as the business fundamentals remain favorable and the valuations do not become excessive. They will sell or reduce holdings if business fundamentals deteriorate or if the price-to-value relationship becomes unattractive.