Tamer Elshourbagy

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Brandywine Global Investment Management LLC (Brandywine Global) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., which is owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Brandywine Global provides discretionary investment management services to a variety of clients such as institutions, individuals, and various registered and unregistered pooled investment vehicles. In addition, they are the sub-advisor to affiliated and non-affiliated mutual funds and act as a sub-advisor to several wrap programs sponsored by unaffiliated program sponsors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.