Steven Paul Capozza

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. (MLPFS) is the SEC-registered broker/dealer subsidiary of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., ultimately held by Charlotte-based Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC). The firm was founded in 1958 and is headquartered in New York City. In 2010, Banc of America Securities LLC merged with MLPFS and the firm uses the trade name Bank of America Merrill Lynch. MLPFS's global strategy and economics team serves institutional and individual investors using a wide range of macroeconomic disciplines. Their analysis of global issues provides clients with investment ideas, market forecasts, macro overviews and specific sector recommendations across asset classes, regions and disciplines. Their equity research team conducts fundamental analysis on companies globally and provides institutional and retail clients with industry-specific and in-depth research and analysis on numerous industries. The firm's global fixed-income and equity-linked research focuses on fixed-income and equity derivatives, fixed-income strategy, convertibles, commodities, high-yield, mortgages, municipals and global foreign exchange.

Founded in 1995, Capstone Investments is a broker/dealer headquartered in San Diego, California with an additional office in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The firm provides a full range of institutional services including, investment banking, research, deal origination and capital introduction services. They provide fundamental research and investment opinions to their clients primarily on small- to mid-cap companies.

Founded in 1988 by Gregory Serras, Vanguard Capital is a general securities broker/dealer located in San Diego, California. The firm offers a full array of trading and execution services. They do not provide internal research. Vanguard Capital is registered with FINRA, the SEC and the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The firm is a member of the SIPC, the National Futures Association (NFA) and the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA). Custodial services for Vanguard Capital's broker/dealer and investment advisory clients' assets and portfolios are provided by Pershing LLC and Charles Schwab Corp.

Founded in 1993, First Allied Securities, Inc. is an independent, SEC-registered broker/dealer headquartered in San Diego, California. The firm is a member of FINRA, the NASD and the SIPC. First Allied Securities Inc. was previously a subsidiary of Advanced Equities Financial Corp. In April 2006, Advanced Equities Financial Corp. acquired First Financial Planners and merged it with First Allied Securities. In 2008, the firm acquired First Montauk Securities Corp. from First Montauk Financial Corp. In 2011, Lovell Minnick Partners LLC and the management team of First Allied Advisory Services acquired the firm from Advanced Equities Financial Corp. First Allied Securities is affiliated with First Allied Advisory Services, Inc., a registered investment advisor. The firm provides a full array of trading and execution services for their clients. They do not provide any internal research.

Nasdaq ISE LLC operates equity and trading options exchange. It transformed the options industry by creating efficient markets through innovative market structure and technology. It provides investors with a transparent marketplace for price and liquidity discovery on centrally cleared options products. The company was founded by David Krell in May 2000 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Capstone Group LLC is a hedge fund-of-funds located San Diego, California. They manage the Capstone Partners LP and the Capstone Opportunity Partners LP.