Paresh Janardan Upadhyaya

Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. (Amundi US) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1928 and formerly known as Pioneer Investment Management, Inc. and as Amundi Pioneer Asset Management, Inc. In 2021, they merged with and into Amundi Pioneer Institutional Asset Management, Inc. and subsequently changed its name to Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of Amundi US, Inc., ultimately held by Rue La Boëtie SAS’ Credit Agricole SA (EPA: ACA, NASDAQ: CRARF) in France. Amundi US provides investment management services to pooled investment vehicles and separately managed accounts.

Founded in 1958, Merrill Lynch Piece Fenner & Smith, Inc. is an SEC registered broker/dealer located in New York City. The firm is a subsidiary of BAC North America Holding Co. and their ultimate parent is Bank of America Corp. (NYSE BAC).

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.