Jeff Knight

Columbia Management Investment Advisers LLC (CMIA) is a registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). The firm was formed in 2010 as the result of Ameriprise Financial Services' (AFS) acquisition of the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group (CMG) from Bank of America. AFS merged CMG's long-term asset management business with their subsidiary, RiverSource Investments LLC, under the name Columbia Management Investment Advisors. CMIA offers equity and fixed-income retail and institutional investment products for various types of clients.

Columbia Wanger Asset Management LLC (CWAM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Columbia Management Investment Advisers LLC, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). CWAM serves as the investment advisor to a variety of open-end mutual funds that are series or portfolios of Columbia Acorn Trust and Wanger Advisors Trust, two registered investment companies sponsored by the firm and other institutional accounts.

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.