Charles Edward Avenon Bull

Millennium Capital Partners LLP (MCP) is an alternative investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2005 and is a subsidiary of Millennium Capital Management Ltd., ultimately held by Millennium Management LLC in the US. MCP manages assets for high-net worth individuals, institutions, trusts, foundations, pensions, the General Partner, related Millennium entities and Millennium employees.

UBS Asset Management (Americas) LLC (UBS AM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2000 as UBS Global Asset Management (Americas), Inc. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of UBS Americas, Inc., ultimately owned by UBS Group AG (SIX: UBSG; NYSE: UBS) in Switzerland. UBS AM provides investment products and services to corporate and public pension plans, financial institutions and advisors, central banks, charities, foundations and individual investors around the world.

Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc (MSCI) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSCI provides a range of brokerage services to corporations, governments and financial institutions.

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.

Amundi Ireland Ltd. is an asset management firm headquartered in Dublin, Ireland. The firm was founded in 1994 and formerly known as Pioneer Investment Management Ltd. They are a subsidiary of Amundi Asset Management SA, ultimately held by SAS Rue la Boétie’s Credit Agricole SA (EPA: ACA, ADR: CRARY) in France. Amundi Ireland develops financial solutions and services for its corporate and institutional clients worldwide.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned brokerage subsidiary of Goldman Sachs Group UK Ltd., ultimately held by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) in the US. The firm was founded in 1988 and formerly known as Trushelfco Ltd. Headquartered in London, GSI provides prime brokerage, securities lending, futures services and financing services for a range of clients such as corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals.

Loomis Sayles Investments Ltd. (LSI) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2011 and is a subsidiary of Loomis, Sayles & Co. LP, ultimately held by BPCE SA in France. LSI offers a comprehensive range of investment products and services to various investors.

Schroder Investment Management Ltd. (SIM) is the wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of Schroder International Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Great Britain-based Schroders Plc (LSE: SDR, ADR: SHNWY). Established in 1985, SIM is headquartered in London and caters to a range of clients such as corporations, insurance firms, local and public authorities, charities, pension funds, high net-worth individuals and retail investors.

T. Rowe Price International Ltd. (Price International) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1979 and is a subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., itself a subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (NYSE: TROW) in the US. They provide investment management services to a global client base. Price International is a socially responsible investor and signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

TT International Asset Management Ltd. (TT International) is the Great Britain-based asset management subsidiary of SMBC Asset Management Services (UK) Ltd., which is owned by Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. (TYO: 8316) in Japan. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 2019 and manages investment portfolios of equity long-only and long/short strategies for institutional investors.

William Blair Investment Management LLC (William Blair) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The firm was founded in 2014 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of WBC Holdings LP. William Blair provides investment solutions to corporations, pension funds, governments and public agencies, endowments, foundations, Taft-Hartley plans, and other institutional investors across the globe.

William Blair & Co. LLC (Investment Management) (William Blair-IM) is the investment management division of William Blair & Co. LLC, a registered broker/dealer headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The firm was founded in 1935 and is a wholly owned subsidiary of WBC Holdings LP. William Blair-IM provides investment advisory and management services to a number of clients including high net worth clients, individuals, small institutions, William Blair Wrap Program clients and other registered investment advisers.

Rothschild & Co. Asset Management US, Inc. (R&Co) is an asset management firm headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut. The firm was founded in 1962 and formerly known as Rothschild Asset Management, Inc. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of Great Lakes Advisors LLC and their ultimate parent is Wintrust Financial Corp. (NASDAQ: WTFC). R&Co provides investment advisory and sub-advisory services on a discretionary basis to a broad range of clients. They also provide non-discretionary investment advice to various wrap model delivery managed account programs.

Deutsche Bank AG (Deutsche Bank UK) is the UK-based securities brokerage division of Deutsche Bank AG (ETR: DBK) in Germany. The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 1873. Deutsche Bank provides brokerage services to companies and institutions.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is a registered broker-dealer subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Domestic Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. Headquartered in New York City, the firm was founded in 1987 and provides debt and equity services including underwriting, M&A advice, securities dealing and brokerage and trade execution. Their client base ranges from large global institutional investors to hedge funds at the cutting edge of innovation in the industry.

Toscafund Asset Management LLP (Toscafund) is a UK-based multi-asset management firm founded by Martin Hughes in 2000. The firm is a subsidiary of Toscafund Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Old Oak Holdings Ltd. Headquartered in London, Toscafund manages various investment funds and provides investment advisory services on a discretionary basis to pooled investment vehicles intended for a broad range of global institutional investors, private family offices, investment intermediaries and high net worth individuals.

UBS O'Connor Ltd. is an independent alternative investment firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and is a subsidiary of UBS Asset Management AG, ultimately owned by UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG) in Switzerland. UBS O'Connor is a distinct investment area within UBS Asset Management, with complete independence in regard to investment decision-making. Their capabilities cover a wide range of investment programs, which seek to achieve attractive risk-adjusted absolute returns with low correlation to most major asset classes and traditional investment benchmarks.

Norges Bank Investment Management (UK) (NBIM UK) is the Great Britain-based sovereign wealth management arm of Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM), which is owned by Norges Bank, the central bank of Norway. Headquartered in London, NBIM UK was founded in 2000 to invests the international assets of the Norwegian Government Pension Fund Global, often referred to as the Norwegian oil fund.

GLG Partners LP (GLG) is an independent alternative investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1995 by Noam Gottesman, Pierre Lagrange and Jonathan Green as a hedge fund division within Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. GLG offers advisory or sub-advisory services to non-US and US institutional managed accounts and pooled investment vehicles on either a discretionary or non-discretionary basis.

BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Ltd. (BIM-UK) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm is a subsidiary of BlackRock Finance Europe Ltd., ultimately owned by BlackRock, Inc. (NYSE: BLK) in the US. BIM-UK was founded in 2006 following the merger of Merrill Lynch Investment Managers and BlackRock. In 2009, BlackRock merged with Barclays Global Investors, including the iShares exchange traded funds business. The combined firm operates under the BlackRock name and has retained the iShares brand. BIM-UK manages a family of mutual funds and acts as sub-advisor to other mutual and pension funds. They also offer alternative investments and managed accounts for individual and institutional clients.

Cheyne Capital Management (UK) LLP (Cheyne) is the alternative investment fund management subsidiary of Cheyne Capital Management Ltd., ultimately held by Novatrust Ltd. in Great Britain. The firm was founded by Jonathan Lourie and Stuart Fiertz in 2000. Headquartered in London, Cheyne manages the Cheyne Funds for a range of clients which include pension funds, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds, endowments, banks, funds of funds and other financial institutions as well as family offices and high net-worth individuals.

Leucadia Investment Management Ltd. (LAM) is a diversified alternative asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2002 and formerly known as Jefferies Investment Management Ltd. They are a subsidiary of Jefferies International Ltd., ultimately owned by Jefferies Financial Group, Inc. (NYSE: JEF) in the US. LAM offers predominantly institutional clients an innovative range of investment strategies through their affiliated asset managers.

Thames River Capital LLP (TRC) is a specialist fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1998 and is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Capital (UK) Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. TRC provides specialist fund management services to professional investors and institutions in the UK and worldwide, through several single and multi-manager funds.

FIL Investment Advisors (UK) Ltd. (FIA UK) is a Great Britain-based fund management firm headquartered in Tadworth, Surrey. Founded in 1984, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Holdings (UK) Limited, which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Ltd. in Bermuda. FIA UK provides a range of global investment products and services to institutional accounts, mutual funds and other pooled investment vehicles.

HSBC Global Asset Management (UK) Ltd. (HSBC GAM-UK) is the wholly owned asset management subsidiary of HSBC Global Asset Management Ltd., ultimately part of HSBC Holdings plc (LON: HSBA, ADR: HSBC) in Great Britain. Headquartered in London, HSBC GAM-UK was founded in 1985 and acts as a discretionary investment manager that offers a wide range of investment solutions across equity, fixed income, liquidity and multi-asset strategies. Their clients include the Group’s retail and private banking customers, financial intermediaries and distributors and institutions.

FMR Investment Management (UK) Ltd. (FMRIM UK) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2006 and is a subsidiary of Fidelity Management & Research Co. LLC (FMR), itself a subsidiary of FMR LLC in the US. FMRIM UK provides investment advisory and portfolio management services as a sub-adviser to certain FMR clients, which includes investment companies in the Fidelity family of mutual funds.

BlueCrest Capital Management (UK) LLP (BCM-UK) is an independent, Great Britain-based alternative asset management firm headquartered in London. The firm was founded in 2009 by Michael Platt and Bill Reeves to manage their flagship fund, BlueCrest Capital International. In 2015, they transitioned to a Private Investment Partnership and returned client capital. BCM-UK currently manages assets solely on behalf of their partners and employees.

Gladstone Capital Management LLP, do-business-as Gladstone Partners (Gladstone), is an independent alternative investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded by George Michelakis in 2005. Gladstone provides discretionary management to pooled investment vehicles and segregated accounts.

AustralianSuper Pty Ltd. is an independent pension fund management firm headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. The firm was founded in 2006 when the Australian Retirement Fund and the Superannuation Trust of Australia merged. AustralianSuper manages one of Australia's industry retirement funds.

Jefferies International Ltd. (JIL) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Jefferies Holdings II Ltd., ultimately held by Jefferies Financial Group, Inc. (NYSE: JEF) in the US. JIL provides broking services to various investors.

Fidelity Management & Research (Hong Kong) Ltd. (FMR-HK) is the Hong Kong-based, wholly-owned investment management subsidiary of Fidelity Management & Research Co., Inc. (FMRC), the mutual fund management arm of FMR LLC, an American multinational financial services corporation headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. FMR-HK was founded in 2008 to provide research and investment advisory services for Fidelity mutual funds domiciled outside of the US. The firm sub-advises portfolios within mutual funds and investment trusts on behalf of FMRC.

Part of ABG Sundal Collier Holding ASA, ABG Sundal Collier ASA provides brokerage services. The company is based in Oslo, Norway. The Norwegian company was founded in 2001. Peter Straume has been the CEO of the company since 2020.

The Institute for Quantitative Investment Research operates as a not-for-profit educational organisation. The company was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in Tonbridge, the United Kingdom.

Aito Capital Ltd. is an independent investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded by Pasi Tolmunen in 2020. They provide fund management services for various clients.