This Item 2, including but not limited to the sections under "Results of Operations" and "Liquidity and Capital Resources," contains forward-looking statements. See "Forward-Looking Statements" at the beginning of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In this document, the words "we," "our," "ours" and "us" refer toHolly Energy Partners, L.P. ("HEP") and its consolidated subsidiaries or to HEP or an individual subsidiary and not to any other person. OVERVIEW HEP is aDelaware limited partnership. Through our subsidiaries and joint ventures, we own and/or operate petroleum product and crude oil pipelines, terminal, tankage and loading rack facilities and refinery processing units that support the refining and marketing operations ofHollyFrontier Corporation ("HFC") and other refineries in the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Northwest regions ofthe United States . HEP, through its subsidiaries and joint ventures, owns and/or operates petroleum product and crude pipelines, tankage and terminals inTexas ,New Mexico ,Washington ,Idaho ,Oklahoma ,Utah ,Nevada ,Wyoming andKansas as well as refinery processing units inUtah andKansas . HFC owned 57% of our outstanding common units and the non-economic general partnership interest, as ofSeptember 30, 2020 . We generate revenues by charging tariffs for transporting petroleum products and crude oil through our pipelines, by charging fees for terminalling and storing refined products and other hydrocarbons, providing other services at our storage tanks and terminals and charging a tolling fee per barrel or thousand standard cubic feet of feedstock throughput in our refinery processing units. We do not take ownership of products that we transport, terminal, store or process, and therefore, we are not directly exposed to changes in commodity prices. We believe the long-term growth of global refined product demand andU.S. crude production should support high utilization rates for the refineries we serve, which in turn should support volumes in our product pipelines, crude gathering systems and terminals. Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business Our business depends in large part on the demand for the various petroleum products we transport, terminal and store in the markets we serve. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global macroeconomy has created unprecedented destruction of demand, as well as lack of forward visibility, for refined products and crude oil transportation, and for the terminalling and storage services that we provide. Over the course of the third quarter, demand for transportation fuels showed incremental improvement over the second quarter of 2020. We expect our customers will continue to adjust refinery production levels commensurate with market demand and ultimately expect demand to return to pre-COVID-19 levels. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and with the health and safety of our employees as a top priority, we took several actions, including limiting onsite staff at all of our facilities, implementing a work-from-home policy for certain employees and restricting travel unless approved by senior leadership. We will continue to monitor COVID-19 developments and the dynamic environment to properly address these policies going forward. In light of current circumstances and our expectations for the future, HEP reduced its quarterly distribution to$0.35 per unit beginning with the distribution for the first quarter of 2020, representative of a new distribution strategy focused on funding all capital expenditures and distributions within operating cash flow and improving distributable cash flow coverage to 1.3x or greater with the goal of reducing leverage to 3.0-3.5x. OnMarch 27, 2020 ,the United States government passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act"), an approximately$2 trillion stimulus package that included various provisions intended to provide relief to individuals and businesses in the form of tax changes, loans and grants, among others. At this time, we have not sought relief in the form of loans or grants from the CARES Act; however, we have benefited from certain tax deferrals in the CARES Act and may benefit from other tax provisions if we meet the requirements to do so. The extent to which HEP's future results are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic will depend on various factors and consequences beyond our control, such as the duration and scope of the pandemic, additional actions by businesses and governments in response to the pandemic and the speed and effectiveness of responses to combat the virus. However, we have - 36 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 long-term customer contracts with minimum volume commitments, which have expiration dates from 2021 to 2036. These minimum volume commitments accounted for approximately 70% of our total revenues in 2019. We are currently not aware of any reasons that would prevent such customers from making the minimum payments required under the contracts or potentially making payments in excess of the minimum payments, other than with resect to the agreement in principle reached with HFC subsequent to the third quarter of 2020 with respect to HEP'sCheyenne assets. In addition to these payments, we also expect to collect payments for services provided to uncommitted shippers. There have been no material changes to customer payment terms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic, and the volatile regional and global economic conditions stemming from it, could also exacerbate the risk factors identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2019 , and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter endedMarch 31, 2020 . The COVID-19 pandemic may also materially adversely affect our results in a manner that is either not currently known or that we do not currently consider to be a significant risk to our business. Investment in Joint Venture OnOctober 2, 2019 , HEP Cushing ("HEP Cushing"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of HEP, andPlains Marketing, L.P. ("PMLP"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. ("Plains"), formed a 50/50 joint venture,Cushing Connect Pipeline & Terminal LLC (the "Cushing Connect Joint Venture"), for (i) the development and construction of a new 160,000 barrel per day common carrier crude oil pipeline (the "Cushing Connect Pipeline") that will connect theCushing, Oklahoma crude oil hub to theTulsa, Oklahoma refining complex owned by a subsidiary of HFC and (ii) the ownership and operation of 1.5 million barrels of crude oil storage inCushing, Oklahoma (the "Cushing Connect JV Terminal ").The Cushing Connect JV Terminal went into service during the second quarter of 2020, and the Cushing Connect Pipeline is expected to be in service during the first quarter of 2021. Long-term commercial agreements have been entered into to support the Cushing Connect Joint Venture assets. The Cushing Connect Joint Venture will contract with an affiliate of HEP to manage the construction and operation of the Cushing Connect Pipeline and with an affiliate of Plains to manage the operation of theCushing Connect JV Terminal . The total Cushing Connect Joint Venture investment will be shared proportionately among the partners, and HEP estimates its share of the cost of theCushing Connect JV Terminal contributed by Plains and Cushing Connect Pipeline construction costs will be approximately$65 million . Agreements with HFC We serve HFC's refineries under long-term pipeline, terminal, tankage and refinery processing unit throughput agreements expiring from 2021 to 2036. Under these agreements, HFC agrees to transport, store and process throughput volumes of refined product, crude oil and feedstocks on our pipelines, terminal, tankage, and loading rack facilities and refinery processing units that result in minimum annual payments to us. These minimum annual payments or revenues are subject to annual rate adjustments onJuly 1st each year, based on the Producer Price Index ("PPI") orFederal Energy Regulatory Commission index. As ofSeptember 30, 2020 , these agreements with HFC require minimum annualized payments to us of$351.1 million . If HFC fails to meet its minimum volume commitments under the agreements in any quarter, it will be required to pay us the amount of any shortfall in cash by the last day of the month following the end of the quarter. Under certain of the agreements, a shortfall payment may be applied as a credit in the following four quarters after minimum obligations are met.
A significant reduction in revenues under these agreements could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
OnJune 1, 2020 , HFC announced plans to permanently cease petroleum refining operations at itsCheyenne Refinery and to convert certain assets at that refinery to renewable diesel production. HFC subsequently began winding down petroleum refining operations at itsCheyenne Refinery onAugust 3, 2020 . As ofSeptember 30, 2020 , our throughput agreement with HFC required minimum annualized payments to us of approximately$17.6 million related to ourCheyenne assets. The net book value of ourCheyenne related net assets as ofJune 30, 2020 was approximately$88.5 million , including$28.1 million of long-lived assets and$68.7 million of goodwill. No impairment of ourCheyenne long-lived assets was required. Our annual goodwill impairment testing was performed during the third quarter of 2020. The estimated fair value of our reporting units were derived using a combination of both income and market approaches. The income approach reflects expected future cash flows based on anticipated gross margins, operating costs, and capital expenditures. The market approach includes both the guideline public company and guideline transaction methods. Both market approach methods use pricing - 37 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 multiples derived from historical market transactions of other like-kind assets. These fair value measurements involve significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs). See Note 5 for further discussion of Level 3 inputs.
Our testing of goodwill did not identify any impairments other than our
Subsequent to the third quarter of 2020, HEP and HFC reached an agreement in principle to terminate the existing minimum volume commitments for HEP'sCheyenne assets and enter into new agreements on the following terms, in each case effectiveJanuary 1, 2021 : (1) a ten-year lease with two five-year renewal option periods for HFC's use of certain HEP tank and rack assets in theCheyenne Refinery to facilitate renewable diesel production with an annual lease payment of approximately$5 million , (2) a five-year contango service fee arrangement that will utilize HEP tank assets inside theCheyenne Refinery where HFC will pay a base tariff to HEP for available crude oil storage and HFC and HEP will split any profits generated on crude oil contango opportunities and (3) a$10 million one-time cash payment from HFC to HEP for the termination of the existing minimum volume commitment. Under certain provisions of an omnibus agreement we have with HFC (the "Omnibus Agreement"), we pay HFC an annual administrative fee, currently$2.6 million , for the provision by HFC or its affiliates of various general and administrative services to us. This fee does not include the salaries of personnel employed by HFC who perform services for us on behalf ofHolly Logistic Services, L.L.C. ("HLS"), or the cost of their employee benefits, which are separately charged to us by HFC. We also reimburse HFC and its affiliates for direct expenses they incur on our behalf. Under HLS's Secondment Agreement with HFC, certain employees of HFC are seconded to HLS to provide operational and maintenance services for certain of our processing, refining, pipeline and tankage assets, and HLS reimburses HFC for its prorated portion of the wages, benefits, and other costs of these employees for our benefit. We have a long-term strategic relationship with HFC that has historically facilitated our growth. Our future growth plans include organic projects around our existing assets and select investments or acquisitions that enhance our service platform while creating accretion for our unitholders. While in the near term, any acquisitions would be subject to economic conditions discussed in "Overview - Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business" above, we also expect over the longer term to continue to work with HFC on logistic asset acquisitions in conjunction withHFC's refinery acquisition strategies.
Furthermore, we plan to continue to pursue third-party logistic asset acquisitions that are accretive to our unitholders and increase the diversity of our revenues.
- 38 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
Income, Distributable Cash Flow, Volumes and Balance Sheet Data
The following tables present income, distributable cash flow and volume
information for the three and the nine months ended
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Three Months Ended September 30, Change from 2020 2019 2019 (In thousands, except per unit data) Revenues: Pipelines: Affiliates-refined product pipelines $
18,619
7,537 7,490 47 Affiliates-crude pipelines 20,218 21,675 (1,457) 46,374 48,566 (2,192) Third parties-refined product pipelines 9,812 13,270 (3,458) Third parties-crude pipelines 12,106 11,327 779 68,292 73,163 (4,871) Terminals, tanks and loading racks: Affiliates 34,215 37,183 (2,968) Third parties 4,821 5,271 (450) 39,036 42,454 (3,418) Refinery processing units-Affiliates 20,403 20,278 125 Total revenues 127,731 135,895 (8,164) Operating costs and expenses: Operations (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) 40,003 44,924 (4,921) Depreciation and amortization 26,190 24,121 2,069 General and administrative 2,332 2,714 (382) Goodwill impairment 35,653 - 35,653 104,178 71,759 32,419 Operating income 23,553 64,136 (40,583) Other income (expense): Equity in earnings of equity method investments 1,316 1,334 (18) Interest expense, including amortization (14,104) (18,807) 4,703 Interest income 2,803 2,243 560 Gain on sales-type leases - 35,166 (35,166) Gain on sale of assets and other 7,465 142 7,323 (2,520) 20,078 (22,598) Income before income taxes 21,033 84,214 (63,181) State income tax expense (34) (30) (4) Net income 20,999 84,184 (63,185)
Allocation of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
(3,186) (1,839) (1,347) Net income attributable to the partners 17,813 82,345 (64,532) Limited partners' earnings per unit-basic and diluted $
0.17
105,440 105,440 - EBITDA (1) $ 55,338$ 123,060 $ (67,722) Adjusted EBITDA (1) $
86,435
$
76,894
Volumes (bpd) Pipelines: Affiliates-refined product pipelines 119,403 129,681 (10,278) Affiliates-intermediate pipelines 142,817 153,547 (10,730) Affiliates-crude pipelines 270,840 358,867 (88,027) 533,060 642,095 (109,035) Third parties-refined product pipelines 60,203 67,440 (7,237) Third parties-crude pipelines 133,487 129,222 4,265 726,750 838,757 (112,007) Terminals and loading racks: Affiliates 401,904 482,291 (80,387) Third parties 57,355 59,307 (1,952) 459,259 541,598 (82,339) Refinery processing units-Affiliates 62,016 75,857 (13,841) Total for pipelines and terminal and refinery processing unit assets (bpd) 1,248,025 1,456,212 (208,187) - 40 -
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Nine Months Ended September 30, Change from 2020 2019 2019 (In thousands, except per unit data) Revenues: Pipelines: Affiliates-refined product pipelines$ 55,004 $ 60,892 $ (5,888) Affiliates-intermediate pipelines 22,486 22,068 418 Affiliates-crude pipelines 59,922 63,447 (3,525) 137,412 146,407 (8,995) Third parties-refined product pipelines 33,360 40,652 (7,292) Third parties-crude pipelines 26,946 33,467 (6,521) 197,718 220,526 (22,808) Terminals, tanks and loading racks: Affiliates 100,711 103,852 (3,141) Third parties 12,103 15,269 (3,166) 112,814 119,121 (6,307) Refinery processing units-Affiliates 59,860 61,496 (1,636) Total revenues 370,392 401,143 (30,751) Operating costs and expenses: Operations (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) 109,721 123,045 (13,324) Depreciation and amortization 75,202 72,192 3,010 General and administrative 7,569 7,322 247 Goodwill impairment 35,653 - 35,653 228,145 202,559 25,586 Operating income 142,247 198,584 (56,337) Other income (expense): Equity in earnings of equity method investments 5,186 5,217 (31) Interest expense, including amortization (45,650) (57,059) 11,409 Interest income 7,834 3,322 4,512 Loss on early extinguishment of debt (25,915) - (25,915) Gain on sales-type leases 33,834 35,166 (1,332) Gain (loss) on sale of assets and other 8,439 (57) 8,496 (16,272) (13,411) (2,861) Income before income taxes 125,975 185,173 (59,198) State income tax expense (110) (36) (74) Net income 125,865 185,137 (59,272) Allocation of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (6,721) (5,920) (801) Net income attributable to the partners 119,144 179,217 (60,073) Limited partners' earnings per unit-basic and diluted$ 1.13 $ 1.70 $ (0.57) Weighted average limited partners' units outstanding 105,440 105,440 - EBITDA (1)$ 232,272 $ 305,182 $ (72,910) Adjusted EBITDA (1)$ 257,711 $ 272,391 $ (14,680) Distributable cash flow (2)$ 213,058 $ 206,923 $ 6,135 Volumes (bpd) Pipelines: Affiliates-refined product pipelines 116,641 130,426 (13,785) Affiliates-intermediate pipelines 137,816 141,991 (4,175) Affiliates-crude pipelines 276,128 376,518 (100,390) 530,585 648,935 (118,350) Third parties-refined product pipelines 55,921 71,773 (15,852) Third parties-crude pipelines 103,955 132,101 (28,146) 690,461 852,809 (162,348) Terminals and loading racks: Affiliates 401,245 429,660 (28,415) Third parties 49,753 62,437 (12,684) 450,998 492,097 (41,099) Refinery processing units-Affiliates 60,573 73,178 (12,605) Total for pipelines and terminal and refinery processing unit assets (bpd) 1,202,032
1,418,084 (216,052)
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(1)Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") is calculated as net income attributable to the partners plus (i) interest expense, net of interest income, (ii) state income tax expense and (iii) depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as EBITDA plus (i) loss on early extinguishment of debt, (ii) goodwill impairment and (iii) pipeline tariffs not included in revenues due to impacts from lease accounting for certain pipeline tariffs minus (iv) gain on sales-type leases, (v) HEP's pro-rata share of gain on business interruption insurance settlement and (vi) pipeline lease payments not included in operating costs and expenses. Portions of our minimum guaranteed pipeline tariffs for assets subject to sales-type lease accounting are recorded as interest income with the remaining amounts recorded as a reduction in net investment in leases. These pipeline tariffs were previously recorded as revenues prior to the renewal of the throughput agreements, which triggered sales-type lease accounting. Similarly, certain pipeline lease payments were previously recorded as operating costs and expenses, but the underlying lease was reclassified from an operating lease to a financing lease, and these payments are now recorded as interest expense and reductions in the lease liability. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not calculations based upon generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). However, the amounts included in the EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA calculations are derived from amounts included in our consolidated financial statements. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as alternatives to net income attributable toHolly Energy Partners or operating income, as indications of our operating performance or as alternatives to operating cash flow as a measure of liquidity. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are presented here because they are widely used financial indicators used by investors and analysts to measure performance. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are also used by our management for internal analysis and as a basis for compliance with financial covenants. Set forth below are our calculations of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2020 2019 2020 2019 (In thousands) Net income attributable to the partners$ 17,813 $ 82,345 $ 119,144 $ 179,217 Add (subtract): Interest expense 14,104 18,807 45,650 57,059 Interest income (2,803) (2,243) (7,834) (3,322) State income tax expense 34 30 110 36 Depreciation and amortization 26,190 24,121 75,202 72,192 EBITDA$ 55,338 $ 123,060 $ 232,272 $ 305,182 Loss on early extinguishment of debt - - 25,915 - Gain on sales-type leases - (35,166) (33,834) (35,166) Goodwill impairment 35,653 - 35,653 - HEP's pro-rata share of gain on business (6,079) - (6,079) - interruption insurance settlement Pipeline tariffs not included in revenues 3,129 2,375 8,603 2,375 Lease payments not included in operating costs (1,606) - (4,819) - Adjusted EBITDA$ 86,435 $
90,269
(2)Distributable cash flow is not a calculation based upon GAAP. However, the amounts included in the calculation are derived from amounts presented in our consolidated financial statements, with the general exceptions of maintenance capital expenditures. Distributable cash flow should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to net income or operating income as an indication of our operating performance or as an alternative to operating cash flow as a measure of liquidity. Distributable cash flow is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Distributable cash flow is presented here because it is a widely accepted financial indicator used by investors to compare partnership performance. It is also used by management for internal analysis and for our performance units. We believe that this measure provides investors an enhanced perspective of the operating performance of our assets and the cash our business is generating. Set forth below is our calculation of distributable cash flow. - 42 -
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Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2020 2019 2020 2019 (In thousands) Net income attributable to the partners$ 17,813 $ 82,345 $ 119,144 $ 179,217 Add (subtract): Depreciation and amortization 26,190 24,121 75,202 72,192 Amortization of discount and deferred debt 838 771 2,479 2,307 issuance costs Loss on early extinguishment of debt - - 25,915 - Revenue recognized greater than customer (198) 504 (699) (2,827)
billings
Maintenance capital expenditures (3) (1,565) (2,118) (5,192) (3,477) Increase (decrease) in environmental liability 29 91 187 (464) Decrease in reimbursable deferred revenue (3,257) (1,964) (9,062) (5,604) Gain on sales-type leases - (35,166) (33,834) (35,166) Goodwill impairment 35,653 - 35,653 - Other 1,391 254 3,265 745 Distributable cash flow$ 76,894 $ 68,838 $ 213,058 $ 206,923 (3)Maintenance capital expenditures are capital expenditures made to replace partially or fully depreciated assets in order to maintain the existing operating capacity of our assets and to extend their useful lives. Maintenance capital expenditures include expenditures required to maintain equipment reliability, tankage and pipeline integrity, safety and to address environmental regulations. September 30, December 31, 2020 2019 (In thousands) Balance Sheet Data Cash and cash equivalents$ 18,091 $ 13,287 Working capital$ 24,600 $ 20,758 Total assets$ 2,161,885 $ 2,199,232 Long-term debt$ 1,439,874 $ 1,462,031 Partners' equity$ 364,821 $ 381,103
Results of Operations-Three Months Ended
Summary
Net income attributable to the partners for the third quarter was$17.8 million ($0.17 per basic and diluted limited partner unit) compared to$82.3 million ($0.78 per basic and diluted limited partner unit) for the third quarter of 2019. The third quarter of 2020 results reflect special items that collectively decreased net income attributable to HEP by a total of$29.6 million . These items include a goodwill impairment charge of$35.7 million related to ourCheyenne reporting unit and a$6.1 million gain related to HEP's pro-rata share of a business interruption insurance claim settlement resulting from a loss atHollyFrontier's Woods Cross Refinery . In addition, net income attributable to HEP for the third quarter of 2019 included a gain on sales-type leases of$35.2 million . Excluding these items, net income attributable to HEP for the third quarter of 2020 was$47.4 million ($0.45 per basic and diluted limited partner unit) compared to net income attributable to HEP for the third quarter of 2019 of$47.2 million ($0.45 per basis can diluted limited partner unit).
Revenues
Revenues for the third quarter were$127.7 million , a decrease of$8.2 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. The decrease was mainly attributable to a 13% reduction in overall crude and product pipeline volumes predominantly in our Southwest region. - 43 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 Revenues from our refined product pipelines were$28.4 million , a decrease of$4.2 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Shipments averaged 179.6 thousand barrels per day ("mbpd") compared to 197.1 mbpd for the third quarter of 2019. The volume and revenue decreases were mainly due to lower volumes on pipelines servicingHFC's Navajo Refinery and Delek'sBig Spring refinery largely as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the recording of certain pipeline tariffs as interest income as the related throughput contract renewals were determined to be sales-type leases. Revenues from our intermediate pipelines were$7.5 million , consistent with the third quarter of 2019. Shipments averaged 142.8 mbpd for the third quarter of 2020 compared to 153.5 mbpd for the third quarter of 2019. The decrease in volumes was mainly due to lower throughputs on our intermediate pipelines servicingHFC's Navajo refinery while revenue remained relatively constant mainly due to contractual minimum volume guarantees. Revenues from our crude pipelines were$32.3 million , a decrease of$0.7 million compared to the third quarter of 2019, and shipments averaged 404.3 mbpd compared to 488.1 mbpd for the third quarter of 2019. The decreases were mainly attributable to decreased volumes on our crude pipeline systems inNew Mexico andTexas partially offset by increased volumes on our crude pipeline systems inUtah . Revenues did not decrease in proportion to the decrease in volumes mainly due to contractual minimum volume guarantees. Revenues from terminal, tankage and loading rack fees were$39.0 million , a decrease of$3.4 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Refined products and crude oil terminalled in the facilities averaged 459.3 mbpd compared to 541.6 mbpd for the third quarter of 2019. The volume and revenue decreases were mainly as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic across most of our facilities. Revenues did not decrease in proportion to the decrease in volumes mainly due to contractual minimum volume guarantees. Revenues from refinery processing units were$20.4 million , an increase of$0.1 million compared to the third quarter of 2019, and throughputs averaged 62.0 mbpd compared to 75.9 mbpd for the third quarter of 2019. The decrease in volumes was mainly due to reduced throughput for ourEl Dorado processing units largely as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic while revenue remained relatively constant mainly due to contractual minimum volume guarantees. Operations Expense Operations (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) expense was$40.0 million for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , a decrease of$4.9 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. The decrease was mainly due to lower rental expenses and maintenance costs for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 . Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation and amortization for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 increased by$2.1 million compared to the three months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The increase was mainly due to the acceleration of depreciation on certain of ourCheyenne tanks. General and Administrative General and administrative costs for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 decreased by$0.4 million compared to the three months endedSeptember 30, 2019 , mainly due to lower legal expenses for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 .
Equity in Earnings of Equity Method Investments
Three Months Ended September
30,
Equity Method Investment 2020
2019
(in thousands) Osage Pipe Line Company, LLC $ 219$ 606 Cheyenne Pipeline LLC 533 728 Cushing Terminal 564 - Total $ 1,316$ 1,334
Equity in earnings of
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Interest Expense Interest expense for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , totaled$14.1 million , a decrease of$4.7 million compared to the three months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The decrease was mainly due to market interest rate decreases under our senior secured revolving credit facility and refinancing our$500 million aggregate principal amount of 6% Senior Notes due 2024 ("6% Senior Notes") with$500 million aggregate principal amount of 5% Senior Notes due 2028 ("5% Senior Notes"). Our aggregate effective interest rates were 3.6% and 5.2% for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
State Income Tax
We recorded a state income tax expense of
Results of Operations-Nine Months Ended
Summary
Net income attributable to the partners for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 was$119.1 million ($1.13 per basic and diluted limited partner unit) compared to$179.2 million ($1.70 per basic and diluted limited partner unit) for the third quarter of 2019. Results for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 reflect special items that collectively decreased net income attributable to HEP by a total of$21.7 million . These items include a goodwill impairment charge of$35.7 million related to ourCheyenne reporting unit, a charge of$25.9 million related to the early redemption of our previously outstanding$500 million aggregate principal amount of 6% Senior Notes, due in 2024, a gain on sales-type leases of$33.8 million and a$6.1 million gain related to HEP's pro-rata share of a business interruption insurance claim settlement resulting from a loss atHollyFrontier's Woods Cross Refinery . In addition, net income attributable to HEP for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 included a gain on sales-type leases of$35.2 million . Excluding these items, net income attributable to the partners for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 was$140.8 million ($1.34 per basic and diluted limited partner unit) compared to net income attributable to HEP for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 of$144.1 million ($1.37 per basis can diluted limited partner unit).
Revenues
Revenues for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , were$370.4 million , a decrease of$30.8 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The decrease was mainly attributable to a 19% reduction in overall crude and product pipeline volumes predominantly in our Southwest and Rockies regions. Revenues from our refined product pipelines were$88.4 million , a decrease of$13.2 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Shipments averaged 172.6 mbpd compared to 202.2 mbpd for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The volume and revenue decreases were mainly due to lower volumes on pipelines servicingHFC's Navajo refinery , Delek'sBig Spring refinery and our UNEV pipeline largely as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the recording of certain pipeline tariffs as interest income as the related throughput contract renewals were determined to be sales-type leases. Revenues from our intermediate pipelines were$22.5 million , an increase of$0.4 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Shipments averaged 137.8 mbpd compared to 142.0 mbpd for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Revenues from our crude pipelines were$86.9 million , a decrease of$10.0 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Shipments averaged 380.1 mbpd compared to 508.6 mbpd for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The decreases were mainly attributable to decreased volumes on our crude pipeline systems inNew Mexico andTexas and on our crude pipeline systems inWyoming andUtah largely as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Revenues from terminal, tankage and loading rack fees were$112.8 million , a decrease of$6.3 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Refined products and crude oil terminalled in the facilities averaged 451.0 mbpd compared to 492.1 mbpd for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The volume and revenue decreases were mainly as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic across most of our facilities. - 45 -
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Revenues from refinery processing units were$59.9 million , a decrease of$1.6 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Throughputs averaged 60.6 mbpd compared to 73.2 mbpd for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The decrease in volumes was mainly due to reduced throughput for both ourWoods Cross andEl Dorado processing units largely as a result of demand destruction associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Revenues were higher in the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 due to an adjustment in revenue recognition recorded during that period; otherwise, revenues for the two nine-month periods remained relatively constant due to contractual minimum volume guarantees. Operations Expense Operations expense (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , decreased by$13.3 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The decrease was mainly due to lower rental expenses, maintenance costs and variable costs such as electricity and chemicals associated with lower volumes. Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation and amortization for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , increased by$3.0 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The increase was mainly due to the acceleration of depreciation on certain of ourCheyenne tanks. General and Administrative General and administrative costs for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , increased by$0.2 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 mainly due to higher legal expenses incurred in the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 .
Equity in Earnings of Equity Method Investments
Nine Months Ended September
30,
Equity Method Investment 2020
2019
(in thousands)Osage Pipe Line Company, LLC 1,599
1,857 Cheyenne Pipeline LLC 2,693 3,360 Cushing Terminal 894 - Total $ 5,186$ 5,217
Equity in earnings of
Interest Expense Interest expense for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , totaled$45.7 million , a decrease of$11.4 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . The decrease was mainly due to market interest rate decreases under our senior secured revolving credit facility and refinancing our$500 million 6% Senior Notes with$500 million 5% Senior Notes. Our aggregate effective interest rates were 3.8% and 5.3% for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
State Income Tax
We recorded a state income tax expense of
- 46 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Overview
We have a$1.4 billion senior secured revolving credit facility (the "Credit Agreement") expiring inJuly 2022 . The Credit Agreement is available to fund capital expenditures, investments, acquisitions, distribution payments and working capital and for general partnership purposes. The Credit Agreement is also available to fund letters of credit up to a$50 million sub-limit, and it contains an accordion feature giving us the ability to increase the size of the facility by up to$300 million with additional lender commitments. During the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , we received advances totaling$219.5 million and repaid$237.0 million , resulting in a net decrease of$17.5 million under the Credit Agreement and an outstanding balance of$948.0 million atSeptember 30, 2020 . As ofSeptember 30, 2020 , we have no letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Agreement and the available capacity under the Credit Agreement was$452.0 million . Amounts repaid under the Credit Agreement may be reborrowed from time to time. OnFebruary 4, 2020 , we closed a private placement of$500 million in aggregate principal amount of 5% Senior Notes due in 2028. OnFebruary 5, 2020 , we redeemed the existing$500 million 6% Senior Notes at a redemption cost of$522.5 million , at which time we recognized a$25.9 million early extinguishment loss consisting of a$22.5 million debt redemption premium and unamortized financing costs of$3.4 million . We funded the$522.5 million redemption with proceeds from the issuance of our 5% Senior Notes and borrowings under our Credit Agreement. We have a continuous offering program under which we may issue and sell common units from time to time, representing limited partner interests, up to an aggregate gross sales amount of$200 million . We did not issue any units under this program during the three months endedSeptember 30, 2020 . As ofSeptember 30, 2020 , HEP has issued 2,413,153 units under this program, providing$82.3 million in gross proceeds. Under our registration statement filed with theSecurities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") using a "shelf" registration process, we currently have the authority to raise up to$2.0 billion by offering securities, through one or more prospectus supplements that would describe, among other things, the specific amounts, prices and terms of any securities offered and how the proceeds would be used. Any proceeds from the sale of securities are expected to be used for general business purposes, which may include, among other things, funding acquisitions of assets or businesses, working capital, capital expenditures, investments in subsidiaries, the retirement of existing debt and/or the repurchase of common units or other securities.
We believe our current cash balances, future internally generated funds and funds available under the Credit Agreement will provide sufficient resources to meet our working capital liquidity, capital expenditure and quarterly distribution needs for the foreseeable future.
InAugust 2020 , we paid a regular cash distribution of$0.35 on all units in an aggregate amount of$34.5 million after deducting HEP Logistics' waiver of$2.5 million of limited partner cash distributions. Cash and cash equivalents increased by$4.8 million during the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 . The cash flows provided by operating activities of$225.0 million were more than the cash flows used for financing activities of$180.8 million and investing activities of$39.4 million . Working capital increased by$3.8 million to$24.6 million atSeptember 30, 2020 , from$20.8 million atDecember 31, 2019 . - 47 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 Cash Flows-Operating Activities Cash flows from operating activities decreased by$3.2 million from$228.2 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 , to$225.0 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 . The decrease was mainly due to lower cash receipts from customers partially offset by lower payments for operating expenses and interest expenses during the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , as compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 . Cash Flows-Investing Activities Cash flows used for investing activities were$39.4 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , compared to$22.9 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 , an increase of$16.5 million . During the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019, we invested$38.6 million and$23.8 million , respectively, in additions to properties and equipment. During the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , we invested$2.4 million in our equity method investment inCushing Connect JV Terminal . We received$0.7 million in excess of equity in earnings during both the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 andSeptember 30, 2019 . Cash Flows-Financing Activities Cash flows used for financing activities were$180.8 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , compared to$200.9 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 , a decrease of$20.1 million . During the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 , we received$219.5 million and repaid$237.0 million in advances under the Credit Agreement. Additionally, we paid$137.4 million in regular quarterly cash distributions to our limited partners and$7.8 million to our noncontrolling interest. We received$15.4 million in contributions from noncontrolling interest during the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 . We also received net proceeds of$491.3 million from the issuance of our 5% Senior Notes and paid$522.5 million to retire our 6% Senior Notes. During the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2019 , we received$269.5 million and repaid$257.0 million in advances under the Credit Agreement. We paid$204.7 million in regular quarterly cash distributions to our limited partners, and distributed$7.8 million to our noncontrolling interest. Capital Requirements Our pipeline and terminalling operations are capital intensive, requiring investments to maintain, expand, upgrade or enhance existing operations and to meet environmental and operational regulations. Our capital requirements have consisted of, and are expected to continue to consist of, maintenance capital expenditures and expansion capital expenditures. "Maintenance capital expenditures" represent capital expenditures to replace partially or fully depreciated assets to maintain the operating capacity of existing assets. Maintenance capital expenditures include expenditures required to maintain equipment reliability, tankage and pipeline integrity, safety and to address environmental regulations. "Expansion capital expenditures" represent capital expenditures to expand the operating capacity of existing or new assets, whether through construction or acquisition. Expansion capital expenditures include expenditures to acquire assets, to grow our business and to expand existing facilities, such as projects that increase throughput capacity on our pipelines and in our terminals. Repair and maintenance expenses associated with existing assets that are minor in nature and do not extend the useful life of existing assets are charged to operating expenses as incurred. Each year the board of directors of HLS, our ultimate general partner, approves our annual capital budget, which specifies capital projects that our management is authorized to undertake. Additionally, at times when conditions warrant or as new opportunities arise, additional projects may be approved. The funds allocated for a particular capital project may be expended over a period in excess of a year, depending on the time required to complete the project. Therefore, our planned capital expenditures for a given year consist of expenditures approved for capital projects included in the current year's capital budget as well as, in certain cases, expenditures approved for capital projects in capital budgets for prior years. Our current 2020 capital forecast is comprised of approximately$8 million to$12 million for maintenance capital expenditures, up to$1 million for refinery unit turnarounds and$35 million to$45 million for expansion capital expenditures and our share of Cushing Connect Joint Venture investments. We expect the majority of the 2020 expansion capital to be invested in our share of Cushing Connect Joint Venture investments. In addition to our capital budget, we may spend funds periodically to perform capital upgrades or additions to our assets where a customer reimburses us for such costs. The upgrades or additions would generally benefit the customer over the remaining life of the related service agreements. We expect that our currently planned sustaining and maintenance capital expenditures, as well as expenditures for acquisitions and capital development projects, will be funded with cash generated by operations. Under the terms of the transaction to acquire HFC's 75% interest in UNEV, we issued to HFC a Class B unit comprising a noncontrolling equity interest in a wholly-owned subsidiary subject to redemption to the extent that HFC is entitled to a 50% - 48 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 interest in our share of annual UNEV earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization above$30 million beginningJuly 1, 2015 , and ending inJune 2032 , subject to certain limitations. However, to the extent earnings thresholds are not achieved, no redemption payments are required. No redemption payments have been required to date. Credit Agreement Our$1.4 billion Credit Agreement expires inJuly 2022 . The Credit Agreement is available to fund capital expenditures, investments, acquisitions, distribution payments and working capital and for general partnership purposes. The Credit Agreement is also available to fund letters of credit up to a$50 million sub-limit, and it contains an accordion feature giving us the ability to increase the size of the facility by up to$300 million with additional lender commitments. Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by substantially all of our assets, and indebtedness under the Credit Agreement is guaranteed by our material, wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement requires us to maintain compliance with certain financial covenants consisting of total leverage, senior secured leverage, and interest coverage. It also limits or restricts our ability to engage in certain activities. If, at any time prior to the expiration of the Credit Agreement, HEP obtains two investment grade credit ratings, the Credit Agreement will become unsecured and many of the covenants, limitations, and restrictions will be eliminated. We may prepay all loans at any time without penalty, except for tranche breakage costs. If an event of default exists under the Credit Agreement, the lenders will be able to accelerate the maturity of all loans outstanding and exercise other rights and remedies. We were in compliance with all covenants as ofSeptember 30, 2020 . Senior Notes As ofDecember 31, 2019 , we had$500 million in aggregate principal amount of 6% Senior Notes due in 2024. OnFebruary 4, 2020 , we closed a private placement of$500 million in aggregate principal amount of 5% Senior Notes due in 2028. OnFebruary 5, 2020 , we redeemed the existing$500 million 6% Senior Notes at a redemption cost of$522.5 million , at which time we recognized a$25.9 million early extinguishment loss consisting of a$22.5 million debt redemption premium and unamortized financing costs of$3.4 million . We funded the$522.5 million redemption with proceeds from the issuance of our 5% Senior Notes and borrowings under our Credit Agreement. The 5% Senior Notes are unsecured and impose certain restrictive covenants, including limitations on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, make investments, sell assets, incur certain liens, pay distributions, enter into transactions with affiliates, and enter into mergers. We were in compliance with the restrictive covenants for the 5% Senior Notes as ofSeptember 30, 2020 . At any time when the 5% Senior Notes are rated investment grade by either Moody's orStandard & Poor's and no default or event of default exists, we will not be subject to many of the foregoing covenants. Additionally, we have certain redemption rights at varying premiums over face value under the 5% Senior Notes.
Indebtedness under the 5% Senior Notes is guaranteed by all of our existing
wholly-owned subsidiaries (other than
- 49 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 Long-term Debt The carrying amounts of our long-term debt are as follows: September 30, December 31, 2020 2019 (In thousands) Credit Agreement 948,000$ 965,500 6% Senior Notes Principal - 500,000 Unamortized debt issuance costs - (3,469) - 496,531 5% Senior Notes Principal 500,000 - Unamortized debt issuance costs (8,126) - 491,874 - Total long-term debt$ 1,439,874 $ 1,462,031
Contractual Obligations
There were no significant changes to our long-term contractual obligations
during the quarter ended
Impact of Inflation Inflation inthe United States has been relatively moderate in recent years and did not have a material impact on our results of operations for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019. PPI has increased an average of 0.6% annually over the past five calendar years, including increases of 0.8% and 3.1% in 2019 and 2018, respectively. The substantial majority of our revenues are generated under long-term contracts that provide for increases or decreases in our rates and minimum revenue guarantees annually for increases or decreases in the PPI. Certain of these contracts have provisions that limit the level of annual PPI percentage rate increases or decreases. A significant and prolonged period of high inflation or a significant and prolonged period of negative inflation could adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations if costs increase at a rate greater than the fees we charge our shippers. Environmental Matters Our operation of pipelines, terminals, and associated facilities in connection with the transportation and storage of refined products and crude oil is subject to stringent and complex federal, state, and local laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment. As with the industry generally, compliance with existing and anticipated laws and regulations increases our overall cost of business, including our capital costs to construct, maintain, and upgrade equipment and facilities. While these laws and regulations affect our maintenance capital expenditures and net income, we believe that they do not affect our competitive position given that the operations of our competitors are similarly affected. However, these laws and regulations, and the interpretation or enforcement thereof, are subject to frequent change by regulatory authorities, and we are unable to predict the ongoing cost to us of complying with these laws and regulations or the future impact of these laws and regulations on our operations. Violation of environmental laws, regulations, and permits can result in the imposition of significant administrative, civil and criminal penalties, injunctions, and construction bans or delays. A major discharge of hydrocarbons or hazardous substances into the environment could, to the extent the event is not insured, subject us to substantial expense, including both the cost to comply with applicable laws and regulations and claims made by employees, neighboring landowners and other third parties for personal injury and property damage. Under the Omnibus Agreement and certain transportation agreements and purchase agreements with HFC, HFC has agreed to indemnify us, subject to certain monetary and time limitations, for environmental noncompliance and remediation liabilities associated with certain assets transferred to us from HFC and occurring or existing prior to the date of such transfers. - 50 -
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Table of Contents ril 1 We have an environmental agreement with Delek with respect to pre-closing environmental costs and liabilities relating to the pipelines and terminals acquired from Delek in 2005, under which Delek will indemnify us subject to certain monetary and time limitations.
There are environmental remediation projects in progress that relate to certain assets acquired from HFC. Certain of these projects were underway prior to our purchase and represent liabilities retained by HFC. AtSeptember 30, 2020 , we had an accrual of$5.7 million that related to environmental clean-up projects for which we have assumed liability or for which the indemnity provided for by HFC has expired or will expire. The remaining projects, including assessment and monitoring activities, are covered under the HFC environmental indemnification discussed above and represent liabilities of HFC.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted inthe United States . The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our significant accounting policies are described in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Operations-Critical Accounting Policies" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 . Certain critical accounting policies that materially affect the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, assessing the possible impairment of certain long-lived assets and goodwill, and assessing contingent liabilities for probable losses. There have been no changes to these policies in 2020. We consider these policies to be the most critical to understanding the judgments that are involved and the uncertainties that could impact our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Periods Presented
Goodwill Impairment Testing InJanuary 2017 , Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2017-04, "Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment," was issued amending the testing for goodwill impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit's goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Under this standard, goodwill impairment is measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit over the related fair value. We adopted this standard effective in the second quarter of 2019, and the adoption of this standard had no effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Leases
InFebruary 2016 , ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" ("ASC 842") was issued requiring leases to be measured and recognized as a lease liability, with a corresponding right-of-use asset on the balance sheet. We adopted this standard effectiveJanuary 1, 2019 , and we elected to adopt using the modified retrospective transition method, whereby comparative prior period financial information will not be restated and will continue to be reported under the lease accounting standard in effect during those periods. We also elected practical expedients provided by the new standard, including the package of practical expedients and the short-term lease recognition practical expedient, which allows an entity to not recognize on the balance sheet leases with a term of 12 months or less. Upon adoption of this standard, we recognized$78.4 million of lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on our consolidated balance sheet. Adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our results of operations or cash flows. See Notes 3 and 4 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our lease policies. Credit Losses Measurement InJune 2016 , ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments," was issued requiring measurement of all expected credit losses for certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This standard was effectiveJanuary 1, 2020 . Adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. - 51 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ril 1 RISK MANAGEMENT
The market risk inherent in our debt positions is the potential change arising from increases or decreases in interest rates as discussed below.
AtSeptember 30, 2020 , we had an outstanding principal balance of$500 million on our 5% Senior Notes. A change in interest rates generally would affect the fair value of the 5% Senior Notes, but not our earnings or cash flows. AtSeptember 30, 2020 , the fair value of our 5% Senior Notes was$490.2 million . We estimate a hypothetical 10% change in the yield-to-maturity applicable to the 5% Senior Notes atSeptember 30, 2020 would result in a change of approximately$16 million in the fair value of the underlying 5% Senior Notes. For the variable rate Credit Agreement, changes in interest rates would affect cash flows, but not the fair value. AtSeptember 30, 2020 , borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement were$948.0 million . A hypothetical 10% change in interest rates applicable to the Credit Agreement would not materially affect our cash flows. Our operations are subject to normal hazards of operations, including but not limited to fire, explosion and weather-related perils. We maintain various insurance coverages, including property damage and business interruption insurance, subject to certain deductibles and insurance policy terms and conditions. We are not fully insured against certain risks because such risks are not fully insurable, coverage is unavailable, or premium costs, in our judgment, do not justify such expenditures. We have a risk management oversight committee that is made up of members from our senior management. This committee monitors our risk environment and provides direction for activities to mitigate, to an acceptable level, identified risks that may adversely affect the achievement of our goals.
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