Mark Arthur Elste

Operates as a bank holding company whose subsidiary provides banking services

A team of portfolio managers, research analysts and traders is responsible for the management of each equity portfolio. They employ a bottom-up approach, using proprietary research to analyze and evaluate securities on a stock-by-stock basis. The research process begins with a diverse universe of companies. For each company in the universe, analysts develop earnings and revenue estimates. The analysts use those forecasts to calculate 13 value, growth and risk variables, which are used to rank each stock. Using the forecast and ranking information, the analysts then code the stocks on a 5-point scale - from 1, which is the most attractive to 5, which is the least attractive. The equity teams review the recommendations and create an overall assessment of the stock. The teams select stocks for the portfolios that are attractively priced with improving fundamentals. In choosing fixed income securities, BOIA seeks to avoid market timing and interest rate speculation in favor of strategies providing more consistent value over time. The teams construct the portfolios by using a process that combines specific security selection with macro bond market factors. The firm's fixed income teams actively manage all aspects of the fixed income market using risk-management techniques to minimize volatility and add value through yield curve, sector, issue and duration decisions.

Pennant Management employs a disciplined, flexible, global tactical asset allocation investment approach that is based on fundamental and technical analysis and seeks to meet each client's investment objectives regarding total return, risk tolerance, liquidity, time horizon and tax considerations. The firm also offers a variety of specialized and broad-based financial consulting services through their proprietary CFO a la Carte program. In general, the firm tends to invest in the stocks of US companies in the producer manufacturing, energy minerals, electronic technology, retail and technology services sectors. Pennant invests across all market-caps. Pennant's equity selection process utilizes market models that seek statistically significant valuation anomalies in the capital markets. They use ETFs and mutual funds to target specific asset classes, market sectors or geographic regions that exhibit noticeable value relative to the market. The firm seeks appropriate portfolio diversification while minimizing both explicit and implicit trading costs. The firm's fixed-income strategy focuses on active management of high quality short and intermediate bonds with average maturities of 1 to 5 years. Pennant addresses liquidity needs, ranging from one day to one year, with low volatility, highly liquid money market instruments including a proprietary Repurchase Agreement. Pennant's Alternative Equity strategy uses active management to achieve advantages over static asset allocation. The strategy is designed to make money when the market moves higher and to protect money when the market declines.

Operates investment trusts

Operates an investment trust

Functions as a College/University

Operates as a state chartered commercial bank